Electric controlling apparatus



Feb. 7, 1933. K, KOUYOUMJIAN 1,896,316

ELECTRIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 15, 1928 gvwemtoz 3& Gum;

Patented Feb. 7, 1933 PATENT OFFICE KAIBOUTIUN K. KOUYO'U'KJ'IAN, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOB TO WARD LEONARD ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION 01 NEW YORK ELECTRIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS Original application flledjeptember 15, 1928, Serial No. 806,259. Divided and this application illed June 14, 1980. Serial No. 481,258.

This invention relates to improved control.- ling apparatus and method of control for regulating the voltage, where energy is de-.

rived from an alternating current source subject to variations in the voltage supplied, or in the frequency, or both, and wherein the derived voltage is maintained substantially constant irrespective of the variations in the supply. The invention also relates to obtaming any desired control of the out ut voltage where the supply voltage varies. or example, with an increase in supply voltage, the output voltage may be caused to decrease in a predetermined amount; or with an increase in supply voltage, the output voltage may be caused to increase in a predetermined amount; or with an increase in supply voltage, a predetermined successive increase and decrease, or vice versa, may be caused to occur, or any desired results may be secured by relative proportioning of the parts.

This a plication is a division of my pending application Serial Number 306,259, filed September 15 1928.

The main object is to provide an improved method of control and form of apparatus which may be simple in character and low in cost of construction, and adapted to be introduced in the alternating current circuit as a unit for securing automatic control of 'the voltage delivered and adapted for general use. The improved apparatus is adapted to be interpolated in an alternating current cir cuit between the source and the translating device, or translating devices, and maintain the required voltage substantially constant and avoids'the use of auxiliary controlling means. It is not only adapted for use where the required voltage is the same in general as that of the supply voltage, but is particularly well adapted for instances where the required derived voltage is materially differentfrom that of the supply lines, such' for example, as for supplying required substantially constant alternating current voltage to the power unit of a radio receiving set where the voltage is stepped down from that of the sup ly voltage, which latter may ordinarily be a out 110 volts. This invention not only serves to maintain the derived alternating current voltage substantially constant, but also serves as a transformer and avoids the use of an additional transformer where the required voltage is to be transformed from that of the available supply. The invention thus combines in one unit the functions of a transformer and voltage regulator with resulting simplicity and reduced cost of apparatus, as well as attaining high efiiciency in operation. I

This invention also permits the use of a simple form of core structure and windings adapted to be conveniently made and assembled at low cost. Other objects and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description and accompanying drawing; likewise, it will be appreciated that the invention is applicable to various uses and capable of modification in design and construction to meet particular re uirements.

he accompanying drawing is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of this invention. The core of the controller, or transformer, is laminated in the usual manner, and in the accompanying drawing, is indicated as having all its laminae in parallel planes and is shown having its core made up of two cooperating parts magnetically separated from each other. The main primary exciting winding 6a is wound about one leg 1a forming part of a core whose magnetic circuit is completed by another leg 1?) and upper and lower connecting portions. Adjoining the leg 1a is shown another leg 2a having a winding 911 connected in series with the winding 6a across the alternating current supply lines 7 supplied by the alternating source 8. The magnetic circuit of the leg 20. is continued by a lower connecting portion and another leg 2?) which extends by an upper portion towards the upper end of the leg 2a, an air gap 20, however, being introduced in the magnetic circuit of the core upon which the winding 9a is wound. The le la and 20 carrying their respective windings are sufficiently spaced apart to permit the applica tion of these windings thereon, but in some cases the cores shown in the drawing may be partially joined, if desired. The output winding 11' supplying the output circuit wires 13' envelopes both legs 1a and 2a and is therefore subjected to the resultant flux passm" ing through the legs 1a and 2a. The direc- 1 created by the winding 90 to be in the pposite direction to the direction of the flux created by the winding Go, as regards pas sage of the flux through the output windingl 11, as indicated by the full line and dotte line arrows; on the drawing. The cross-section of the leg 1a and the ampere turns of the main primary exciting winding 6a are proportioned, for securing substantially constant output voltage, such that, under normal conditions of supply voltage, the leg or core 1a isworking near or below the knee of the saturation or permeabilit curve. In operation under abnormally hlgh voltage supply, the excitation of the core 141 is carried along the knee of the curve so that the magnetic flux isnot increased in pro ortion to the increase in voltage supply, w ereas the opposing influence of the winding 9a under abnormally high voltage has full effect in tending to keep down the total flux within the output winding 11'. Under abnormally low voltage conditions, the magnetization, of the leg 1a is below the knee of the permeability curve and on the straight art thereof, and therefore the somewhat ecreased exciting effect of the main primary winding 60 is permitted to have full eliect, and the decreased supply voltage causes a decreased opposin effect in the windin 9a with the result t at the total flux within the output winding 11' remains substantially constant under varia-' tions in the supply voltage. Although the main exciting wlnding 6a and the bucking winding 9a are shown connected in series with each other, they may in. some cases be connected in parallel across the supply lines, or the bucking winding may be connected across the supply lines and the main exciting windin connected in series with a portion of the ucking winding across the supply lines. The series connection of the two excitin windings, or artial series connection, has t e advantage t at, upon increase of the supply voltage above normal, the tendency is to reduce the watt-less current in the main excitin winding. This, of course, results in improving the regulation, because less wattless current means less primary ampere turns and less flux which the bucking winding must overcome. A further advantage results in permitting the bucking winding to be made with fewer turns. A further advantage results from the fact that by reason of the core of the bucking Winding being less saturated than the core of the primary winding, an increase in the input voltage will produce a greater proportionate reactance drop on the bucking winding than on the primary windmanner to that described, that is, if energy of variable voltage be supplied to the secondary or output winding, the exciting Windings will then deliver current with the Volt age controlled within limits. Such a reversal of operation will not, however, be as eflicient, or secure as desirable results, as when the apparatus is operated in the normal manner.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in various forms of apparatus and various.

modifications may be made therein without departing from the sco e thereof' and, by suitably proportioning t e parts, the output voltage may be caused to change as desired upon variation in the supply voltage, or upon change of frequency, according to the requirements for any particular case.

I claim:

1. A controller comprising a core in two arts having adjoining portions and having independent paths for the passage of mag netic flux, a main alternating current exciting winding on one of said adjoining portions, an alternating current exciting winding on the other of said ad'oinin ortions, the path of the flux in sai adjolmn tions due to said exciting windings bem 1n opposite directions, and an output win ing embracing said adjoining portions and-also embracing said alternating current exciting windings.

2. A controller comprising a core in two parts having adjoining portions and having independent paths for the passage of magnetic flux, a main alternating current exciting winding on one of said adjoining portions, an alternating current exciting Wlllding on the other of said ad'oining portions, the path of the flux; in sai adjoining portions due to said exciting windings being in opposite directions, said main alternating current exciting winding being connected in series with at least a portion of said second alternating current exciting winding, and an output winding embracing said adjoining portions and also embracing said alternating current exciting windings.

3. A controller comprising a core in two parts having adjoining legs and having independent paths for the passage of magnetic flux, a main alternating current exciting winding on one of said legs of one of sai parts, an alternating current exciting wind- JGO ing on the other leg of the other of said parts, the path of the flux in said adjoining legs due to said exciting windings being in opposite directions with reference to each other, andlan output winding embracing both of said legs.

4. A controller con'lprising a core in two parts having adjoining legs and having independent paths for the passage of magnetic nx, a main alternating current exciting winding on one of said legs of one of said parts, an alternating current exciting winding on the other leg of the other of said parts, the path of the flux in said adjoining legs due to said exciting windings being in opposite directions with reference to each other, said main alternatingcurrent exciting winding being connected in series with at least a portion of said second alternating current exciting Winding, and an output winding embracing both of said legs.

5. A controller comprising a core in two parts having adjoining legs and having independent paths for the passage of magnetic flux, a main alternating current exciting winding on one of said legs of one of said parts, said leg being near saturation under normal exciting conditions, an alternating current exciting winding on the other leg of the other of said parts, the path of the flux in said adjoining legs due to said exciting windings being in opposite directions with reference to each other, and an output winding embracing both of said legs.

6. A controller comprising a core in two parts having adjoining legs and having independent paths for the passage of magnetic flux, a main alternating current exciting winding on one of said legs of one of said parts, an alternating current exciting winding on the other leg of the other of said parts, said last-named leg being below saturation under working conditions, the path of the flux in said adjoining legs due to said exciting windings being in opposite directions .with reference to each other, and an output winding embracing both of said legs.

7. A controller comprising a core in two parts having adjoining legs and having independent paths for the passage of magnetic flux, a. main alternating current exciting winding on one of said legs of one of said parts, said leg being near saturation under normal exciting conditions, an alternating current exciting winding on the other leg of the other of said parts, said last-named leg being below saturation under working conditions. the path of the flux in said adjoining legs due to said exciting windings being in opposite directions with reference to each other, and an output winding embracing both of said legs.

S. A controller comprising a core in two parts having adjoining legs and having independent paths for the passage of magnetic flux, a main alternating current excitin winding on one of said egs of one of sai parts, said leg being near saturation under normal exciting conditions, an alternating current exciting winding on the other leg of the other of said parts, said last-named leg being below saturation under working conditions, the path of the flux in said adjoining legs due to said exciting windings being in opposite directions with reference to each other, said main alternating current exciting winding being connected in series with at least a portion of said second alternating current exciting winding, and an output winding embracing both of said le s.

HAROUTIUN K. KOUYOUMJIAN. 

